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| [[File:Bruxer SP2.jpg|left|300x300px]]
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| Bruxism, characterized by involuntary teeth grinding or clenching, often occurs during sleep and is influenced by neurophysiological factors. This condition can lead to Orofacial pain (OP) and is often treated without a full understanding of its underlying causes. Recent studies have explored the roles of neurotransmitters and the pharmacological impacts on bruxism, suggesting that the sensitization of the trigeminal nociceptive system and neural hyperexcitability may play significant roles in its pathophysiology.
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| Bruxism is more than just a dental issue; it involves complex neurophysiological processes. This article expands on traditional views by discussing dystonic phenomena and their relation to orofacial pain, moving beyond dental aspects to a broader neurophysiological perspective.
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| Dystonia in the cranial-cervical region, often manifesting as orofacial dystonia (OFD), can lead to various involuntary muscle contractions, impacting speech and eating. Bruxism is linked to genetic factors, central nervous system disorders, and even certain medications. Notably, the relationship between painful temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and bruxism highlights a significant overlap with conditions like migraines and tension-type headaches.
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| The treatment of bruxism varies, focusing on alleviating pain and preventing dental damage. However, understanding the basic knowledge about its etiology is crucial, which includes dismissing morphological factors while emphasizing psychological and pathophysiological factors. Investigations into the neurobiological aspects of bruxism have shown that neurotransmitter systems like dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine play pivotal roles. Medications affecting these neurotransmitters can exacerbate or suppress bruxism, indicating a direct link between drug therapy and bruxism activity.
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| Furthermore, electrophysiological studies have provided insights into how pain influences mandibular reflexes, suggesting that orofacial pain could modify jaw reflexes through central mechanisms, affecting muscle responses during episodes of bruxism.
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| From a clinical perspective, understanding the basic knowledge of bruxism’s underlying mechanisms helps in formulating more effective treatment strategies. The role of the trigeminal nociceptive system in orofacial pain associated with bruxism is crucial for developing targeted therapies that address the neural aspects of the disorder.
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| The case study of a 32-year-old man, referred to as 'Bruxer', illustrates the complex interplay of neurological and dental factors in diagnosing and managing bruxism. This case emphasizes the need for a holistic approach in treating bruxism, one that incorporates both dental and neurophysiological insights to address the root causes of the disorder effectively.
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| [[Category:Pathology of temporomandibular joints, muscles of mastication and associated structures]] | | [[Category:Pathology of temporomandibular joints, muscles of mastication and associated structures]] |
| [[Category:Sleep disorders]] | | [[Category:Sleep disorders]] |