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Difference between revisions of "Temporomandibular Joint"
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</gallery>The specific question is as follows:{{q2|Could focusing on diagnostic imaging in an individual reporting orofacial pain and/or masticatory function disturbances compromise the differential diagnosis?}}Interpretation of TMJ imaging requires an understanding of normal joint anatomy. | </gallery>The specific question is as follows:{{q2|Could focusing on diagnostic imaging in an individual reporting orofacial pain and/or masticatory function disturbances compromise the differential diagnosis?}}Interpretation of TMJ imaging requires an understanding of normal joint anatomy. | ||
As well described in the article by Seyed Mohammad Gharavi et al.<ref>Seyed Mohammad Gharavi, Yujie Qiao, Armaghan Faghihimehr, and Josephina Vossen. Imaging of the Temporomandibular Joint. Diagnostics (Basel). 2022 Apr; 12(4): 1006. Published online 2022 Apr 16. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics12041006. PMCID: PMC9031630. PMID: 35454054</ref> the TMJ is a synovial joint between the glenoid fossa of the temporal bone and the mandibular condyle. The central anatomical structure of the TMJ is the articular disc or meniscus. The disc is an oval-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure composed of anterior and posterior articular bands and a thinner center, called the intermediate zone. The intermediate zone gives the disc a biconcave appearance in the sagittal view. The posterior band is generally thicker than the anterior band and both bands are wider in the transverse dimension than in the anteroposterior dimension. The retrodisc tissue or bilaminar zone is rich neurovascular tissue that serves as the posterior attachment of the disc, fusing the disc with the joint capsule and temporal bone. (Figure 5)[[File:TMJ anatomy.jpg|center|thumb|500x500px| | As well described in the article by Seyed Mohammad Gharavi et al.<ref>Seyed Mohammad Gharavi, Yujie Qiao, Armaghan Faghihimehr, and Josephina Vossen. Imaging of the Temporomandibular Joint. Diagnostics (Basel). 2022 Apr; 12(4): 1006. Published online 2022 Apr 16. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics12041006. PMCID: PMC9031630. PMID: 35454054</ref> the TMJ is a synovial joint between the glenoid fossa of the temporal bone and the mandibular condyle. The central anatomical structure of the TMJ is the articular disc or meniscus. The disc is an oval-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure composed of anterior and posterior articular bands and a thinner center, called the intermediate zone. The intermediate zone gives the disc a biconcave appearance in the sagittal view. The posterior band is generally thicker than the anterior band and both bands are wider in the transverse dimension than in the anteroposterior dimension. The retrodisc tissue or bilaminar zone is rich neurovascular tissue that serves as the posterior attachment of the disc, fusing the disc with the joint capsule and temporal bone. (Figure 5) | ||
[[File:TMJ anatomy 1.jpg|link=https://wiki.masticationpedia.org/index.php/File:TMJ%20anatomy%201.jpg|center|thumb|500x500px|'''Figure 5:''' Anatomical dissection of a right TMJ. '''1)''' Head of the articular condyle; '''2)''' Articular eminence; '''3)''' upper compartment; '''4)''' lower compartment; '''5)''' bilaminar area; '''6)''' bilaminar ligament; '''7)''' posterior band of the articular meniscus; '''8)''' intermediate zone of the articular meniscus; '''9)''' anterior band of the articular meniscus; '''10)''' pterygoid muscle lateral head superior; '''10a)''' insertions of lateral pterygoid muscle fibers and tendons to the anterior fascia of the articular disc; '''10b)''' insertions of lateral pterygoid muscle fibers and tendons at the condylar head]] | |||
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The ATM has two compartments that work like two small joints within the same capsule. This allows for more range of motion relative to the size of the joint. The superior compartment separates the glenoid fossa of the temporal bone from the disc, while the inferior compartment separates the disc from the mandibular condyle. In the initial stage of mouth opening, the condyle rotates in the inferior articular compartment. It then translates anteriorly into the upper compartment.<ref>Som P.M., Curtin H.D. Head and Neck Imaging—2 Volume Set. Mosby Elsevier; Maryland Heights, MO, USA: 2011. Expert Consult—Online and Print.</ref> The lateral pterygoid muscle helps open the jaw, and the medial pterygoid, masseter, and temporal muscles help close the jaw. As the condyle translates anteriorly, the disc should move between the condyle and the articular eminence. A normal disc does not move in the coronal plane during mouth opening. | The ATM has two compartments that work like two small joints within the same capsule. This allows for more range of motion relative to the size of the joint. The superior compartment separates the glenoid fossa of the temporal bone from the disc, while the inferior compartment separates the disc from the mandibular condyle. In the initial stage of mouth opening, the condyle rotates in the inferior articular compartment. It then translates anteriorly into the upper compartment.<ref>Som P.M., Curtin H.D. Head and Neck Imaging—2 Volume Set. Mosby Elsevier; Maryland Heights, MO, USA: 2011. Expert Consult—Online and Print.</ref> The lateral pterygoid muscle helps open the jaw, and the medial pterygoid, masseter, and temporal muscles help close the jaw. As the condyle translates anteriorly, the disc should move between the condyle and the articular eminence. A normal disc does not move in the coronal plane during mouth opening. | ||
{{q2|A little diagnostic imaging never hurts}} | {{q2|A little diagnostic imaging never hurts but above all it is necessary to objectively interpret the radiographic data of the TMJ}} | ||
{{Bib}} | {{Bib}} | ||
[[Category:Gianni]] | [[Category:Gianni]] | ||