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| == Abstract ==
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| [[File:Clicker 00.jpg|left|350x350px|alt=]]
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| The chapter explores the complexities of diagnosing and treating temporomandibular disorders (TMD), challenging traditional views of malocclusion. It emphasizes the need to relate occlusal morphology to trigeminal neuromotor responses. A case study shows that a subject with occlusal abnormalities exhibits perfect trigeminal system symmetry, suggesting that not all occlusal issues lead to masticatory disorders.
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| The narrative highlights a shift towards 'Functional Neuro Gnathology' (NGF method), which prioritizes masticatory system functionality over structural aspects. This approach is represented by a new diagnostic model, '<math>\Psi</math>Index' is the datum of aiming to align dental practice with neurological insights for comprehensive TMD evaluation.
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| The chapter cites a study by Ahmad and Schiffman, noting that 4.6% of the US population is affected by TMD, with annual management costs around $4 billion. This underscores the economic and healthcare significance of accurate TMD diagnosis and treatment. The discussion covers overlapping symptoms between TMD and other craniofacial conditions, complicating diagnosis. Traditional methods may not distinguish between different causes of similar symptoms. The text advocates for an indeterministic and probabilistic view of medicine to better address the multifaceted nature of TMD. Clinical cases illustrate that TMD symptoms can mask serious conditions like hemimasticatory spasm or meningioma, highlighting the need for comprehensive diagnostic approaches. The NGF method incorporates trigeminal electrophysiological tests to assess neuromuscular interactions and abnormalities related to TMD.
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| A patient named "Clicker" exemplifies the NGF method's practical application. Despite previous treatments focusing on symptom management, the NGF method provided a definitive diagnosis by examining neuromuscular responses. Detailed trigeminal electrophysiological testing revealed a functional disorder due to asymmetry in jaw jerk responses, influenced by unbalanced peripheral input.
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| Further examination identified a malocclusion contributing to the symptoms, addressed through neurognathological rehabilitation that restored neuromuscular function. The narrative calls for integrating neurophysiological assessments in dental practice, advocating a holistic approach to TMD management that considers both dental and neurological aspects. This aims to improve diagnostic accuracy and treatment outcomes, addressing root causes rather than just managing symptoms.
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| This examination promotes understanding the interconnected nature of craniofacial disorders and the benefits of integrating neurognathological insights into dental practice for more effective TMD treatments.
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| {{ArtBy|autore=Gianni Frisardi}} | | {{ArtBy|autore=Gianni Frisardi}} |