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==Abstract== | ==Abstract== | ||
[[File:Occlusal Centric view in open and cross bite patient.jpg|350x350px|left]]The | [[File:Occlusal Centric view in open and cross bite patient.jpg|350x350px|left]]The chapter from Masticationpedia introduces a profound critique and subsequent paradigm shift in the scientific approach to dentistry and masticatory disorders. It begins by discussing the traditional methodologies influenced by evidence-based medicine (EBM) and their limitations in addressing the complexities of orofacial pain and malocclusions. The document engages with Thomas Kuhn's philosophy of scientific revolutions, applying it to dentistry's current epistemological challenges. It argues that the field is experiencing a paradigmatic crisis due to the insufficiencies of current diagnostic models and calls for an evolution towards a new, quantum model of diagnosis that considers the independent and incompatible variables involved in complex masticatory disorders. | ||
The | The introduction lays the groundwork by explaining the principles of evidence-based medicine (EBM) as applied to dentistry, particularly in diagnosing and treating temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and other masticatory anomalies. It critiques EBM's dependence on statistically significant data and controlled clinical trials, which often fail to capture the subtleties and complexities of individual patient cases. The text introduces the concept of Masticationpedia, an innovative platform designed to integrate more holistic and quantum-based approaches into dental practice. | ||
The chapter details a clinical case involving a patient named "Capsaicin," who presents with complex orofacial pain. This section critically examines the limitations of traditional diagnostic tools like axiography and electromyography, which, in Capsaicin's case, failed to diagnose her condition accurately. The narrative demonstrates the need for a new diagnostic approach that goes beyond the conventional paradigms, suggesting that her persistent pain, despite normal findings on traditional tests, indicates a gap in the current understanding and approach. | |||
Masticationpedia's proposed solution involves a shift towards a quantum model of diagnosis, which incorporates the evaluation of incompatible variables—those not typically considered in traditional diagnostic processes. The document describes the development and application of new diagnostic tools and methodologies, such as the Coherence Demarcator, which assesses the coherence of various clinical signs and symptoms within and across different diagnostic contexts. This tool aims to provide a more nuanced understanding of complex cases by integrating diverse data points that do not usually conform to classical diagnostic categories. | |||
This section delves deeper into the theoretical implications of adopting a quantum model in dental diagnostics. It discusses how this approach aligns with Kuhn's description of scientific progress through paradigm shifts, where a period of 'normal science' is disrupted by anomalies that current paradigms cannot explain, leading to a scientific revolution. Masticationpedia is positioned as a catalyst for such a revolution in dentistry, challenging the entrenched norms and advocating for a more comprehensive and patient-centric approach. | |||
''' | The chapter concludes by reflecting on the broader implications of integrating quantum models into clinical practice. It discusses the potential for these models to enhance diagnostic accuracy and improve patient outcomes by addressing the limitations of current EBM approaches. The text calls for ongoing research and collaboration across disciplines to further develop and refine these models, ensuring that they are robust, scientifically valid, and clinically applicable.<blockquote> | ||
==Keywords== | |||
'''Masticationpedia''' - The main subject of the document. | |||
''' | '''Quantum Model of Diagnosis''' - A new approach discussed in the chapter. | ||
''' | '''Orofacial Pain and Malocclusions''' - Specific conditions addressed. | ||
''' | '''Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM)''' - Critiqued methodology. | ||
'''Scientific | '''Kuhn's Scientific Revolutions''' - Theoretical framework applied to dentistry. | ||
''' | '''Coherence Demarcator''' - Innovative diagnostic tool introduced. | ||
''' | '''Paradigmatic Shift in Dentistry''' - Central theme of the chapter.</blockquote>{{ArtBy|author=Gianni Frisardi}} | ||
[[Category:Dentistry]] | |||
[[Category:Medical Innovations]] | |||
[[Category:Scientific Paradigms]] | |||
'''Neuromuscular Function in Dentistry''' - A focus on functional aspects | ---- | ||
== Keywords== | |||
'''Masticationpedia''' - The main subject of the document, '''Kuhn's Paradigms''' - Central theoretical framework discussed, '''Paradigmatic Change in Dentistry''' - Specific application of Kuhn's theories, '''Epistemological Transformation in Science''' - Key theme, '''Interdisciplinary Research in Dentistry''' - Significant topic mentioned, '''Malocclusion and Masticatory Disorders''' - Specific conditions discussed, '''Scientific Progress and Innovations in Dentistry''' - Focus on advancements, '''Statistical Significance and P-value''' - Important statistical concepts debated in the document, '''Complex Systems in Masticatory Functions''' - Advanced theoretical approach, '''Orthodontic and Orthognathic Treatments''' - Specific treatments mentioned, '''Neuromuscular Function in Dentistry''' - A focus on functional aspects, '''Paradigmatic Innovations''' - Mentioned as crucial for scientific development | |||
{{ArtBy|autore=Gianni Frisardi}} | |||
==Ab ovo<ref>Latin for 'since the very beginning'</ref>== | ==Ab ovo<ref>Latin for 'since the very beginning'</ref>== | ||
Before diving into the analysis of Masticationpedia, it is necessary to introduce some preliminary considerations. These concern, in particular, two fundamental dimensions - social, scientific, and clinical - that are characteristic of both the current era and the one immediately preceding it. | Before diving into the analysis of Masticationpedia, it is necessary to introduce some preliminary considerations. These concern, in particular, two fundamental dimensions - social, scientific, and clinical - that are characteristic of both the current era and the one immediately preceding it. | ||
=== The phases of paradigm change according to Thomas Kuhn === | ===The phases of paradigm change according to Thomas Kuhn=== | ||
In the course of the last century, there has been an exponential increase in technological and methodological "Innovations",<ref>{{cita libro | In the course of the last century, there has been an exponential increase in technological and methodological "Innovations",<ref>{{cita libro | ||
| autore = Heft MW | | autore = Heft MW | ||
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| align="right" width="250" |<small>''The black swan symbolizes one of the historical problems of epistemology: if all the swans we have seen so far are white, can we decide that all the swans are white?<br>Really?''</small> | | align="right" width="250" |<small>''The black swan symbolizes one of the historical problems of epistemology: if all the swans we have seen so far are white, can we decide that all the swans are white?<br>Really?''</small> | ||
| align="center" |[[File:Black_Swan_(Cygnus_atratus)_RWD.jpg|175px|center]] | | align="center" | [[File:Black_Swan_(Cygnus_atratus)_RWD.jpg|175px|center]] | ||
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*'''''<math>P-value</math>''''': In medicine, for example, to confirm an experiment or validate a series of data collected through laboratory instruments or surveys, reliance is placed on "Statistical Inference," and in particular on a well-known value called "significance test" (P-value). However, even this concept, now rooted in the practice of researchers, is being questioned. A recent study has focused attention on a campaign conducted in the journal "Nature" against the use of the "significance test."<ref>{{cita libro | *'''''<math>P-value</math>''''': In medicine, for example, to confirm an experiment or validate a series of data collected through laboratory instruments or surveys, reliance is placed on "Statistical Inference," and in particular on a well-known value called "significance test" (P-value). However, even this concept, now rooted in the practice of researchers, is being questioned. A recent study has focused attention on a campaign conducted in the journal "Nature" against the use of the "significance test."<ref>{{cita libro | ||
| autore = Amrhein V | | autore = Amrhein V | ||
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| DOI = 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2017.04.001 | | DOI = 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2017.04.001 | ||
| OCLC = | | OCLC = | ||
}} Oct;129:25-39.</ref> | }} Oct;129:25-39.</ref> | ||
|} | |} | ||
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Before proceeding, it might be appropriate to observe a very concrete and significant case. | Before proceeding, it might be appropriate to observe a very concrete and significant case. | ||
== Malocclusion== | ==Malocclusion== | ||
"Malocclusion" derives from the Latin "malum," meaning "bad" or "wrong," and literally refers to an improper closure of the teeth.<ref>The creation of the term is generally attributed to [[:wpen:Edward Angle|Edward Angle]], considered the father of modern orthodontics, who coined it as a specification of ''occlusion'' to signal the incorrect opposition in closing of the lower teeth and upper, especially the first molar; see {{cita libro | "Malocclusion" derives from the Latin "malum," meaning "bad" or "wrong," and literally refers to an improper closure of the teeth.<ref>The creation of the term is generally attributed to [[:wpen:Edward Angle|Edward Angle]], considered the father of modern orthodontics, who coined it as a specification of ''occlusion'' to signal the incorrect opposition in closing of the lower teeth and upper, especially the first molar; see {{cita libro | ||