Difference between revisions of "Bilateral Trigeminal neuromotor organic symmetry"

Bilateral Trigeminal neuromotor organic symmetry (view source)

Revision as of 16:28, 8 March 2022

2 bytes removed , 2 years ago

Editor, Editors, USER, admin, Bureaucrats, Check users, dev, editor, Interface administrators, lookupuser, oversight, Push subscription managers, Suppressors, Administrators, translator, Widget editors

17,889

edits

@@ Line 372: / Line 372: @@
 A reflex opening of the jaw, resulting from the simultaneous relaxation of jaw closers and contraction of jaw openers, not only helps to avoid injuries to the oral tissues, but also could contribute to coordinating rhythmic masticatory movements.<ref>Shigenaga Y, Yoshida A, Mitsuhiro Y, Tsuru K, Doe K (1988) Morphological and functional properties of trigeminal nucleus oralis neurons projecting to the trigeminal motor nucleus of the cat. Brain Res 461: 143-149.</ref>The stimulus applied to one side evokes the reflex bilaterally in a nearly symmetrical fashion. The symmetrical output is characteristic of most of the jaw movements induced by sensory signals both from the peripheral tissue and from those generated by signals coming from the cerebral cortex.
-Previous studies <ref>Nakamura Y, Nagashima H, Mori S (1973) Bilateral effects of the afferent impulses from the masseteric muscle on the trigeminal motoneuron of the cat. Brain Res 57: 15-27.</ref> have shown that peripheral stimulation evokes inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) in bilateral jaw-closer motor neurons. This bilateral inhibition is mediated, at least in part, by supra- and juxta-trigeminal neurons with bifurcating axons projecting to both the right and the left masseter motor neurons. The goal of a recent study <ref>Yoshida A, Yamamoto M, Moritani M, Fukami H, Bae YC, et al. (2005) Bilateral projection of functionally characterized trigeminal oralis neurons to trigeminal motoneurons in cats. Brain Res 1036: 208-212.</ref> was to morphologically analyse how the functional symmetry of the masticatory system might be reflected in the organisation of pre-motor neurons and how it could be able to mediate excitation of jaw-opener motor-neurons.
+Previous studies have shown that peripheral stimulation evokes inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) in bilateral jaw-closer motor neurons.<ref>Nakamura Y, Nagashima H, Mori S (1973) Bilateral effects of the afferent impulses from the masseteric muscle on the trigeminal motoneuron of the cat. Brain Res 57: 15-27.</ref> This bilateral inhibition is mediated, at least in part, by supra- and juxta-trigeminal neurons with bifurcating axons projecting to both the right and the left masseter motor neurons. The goal of a recent study was to morphologically analyse how the functional symmetry of the masticatory system might be reflected in the organisation of pre-motor neurons and how it could be able to mediate excitation of jaw-opener motor-neurons.<ref>Yoshida A, Yamamoto M, Moritani M, Fukami H, Bae YC, et al. (2005) Bilateral projection of functionally characterized trigeminal oralis neurons to trigeminal motoneurons in cats. Brain Res 1036: 208-212.</ref>
 It has been demonstrated that in the masticatory system, where symmetrical motor output is the rule, employing neurons with bifurcating axons as a pre-motor element might be a common strategy for mediation of both peripheral and central signals.