Difference between revisions of "Bruxismus"

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==Introduction==
==Einführung==
A brief description of bruxism, in order not to waste time on data common to most colleagues and for personal culture for non-experts, is sufficient to deepen the topic on [[wikipedia:Bruxism#cite_ref-Wassell_2008_1-0|Wikipedia]] which, obviously, will not be exhaustive for our purposes. Let's start, therefore, by asking ourselves some specific questions: Is bruxism an oral parafunctional activity,<ref name="Wassell 20082">Wassell R, Naru A, Steele J, Nohl F (2008). ''Applied occlusion''. London: Quintessence. pp. 26–30. ISBN <bdi>9781850970989</bdi>.</ref> that is, is it not physiologically related to normal function such as eating or speaking? Is bruxism a common behavior despite reports of prevalence ranging from 8% to 31% in the general population?<ref>Manfredini D, Winocur E, Guarda-Nardini L, Paesani D, Lobbezoo F (2013). "Epidemiology of bruxism in adults: a systematic review of the literature". ''Journal of Orofacial Pain''. '''27''' (2): 99–110. doi:10.11607/jop.921. <nowiki>PMID 23630682</nowiki>.</ref> Several symptoms are commonly associated with bruxism, including jaw muscle pain, headaches, hypersensitive teeth, tooth wear, and damage to dental restorations (e.g., crowns and fillings)?<ref>Tyldesley WR, Field A, Longman L (2003). ''Tyldesley's Oral medicine'' (5th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 195. ISBN <bdi>978-0192631473</bdi>.</ref> Symptoms may be minimal, without the patient being aware of the condition. If no action is taken, after a while many teeth begin to wear out until they disappear completely, the question that arises is: do teeth wear out equally in the life cycle even without grinding?<blockquote>A theory called 'Thegosis' studied by a group of New Zealand researchers<ref>C G Murray, G D Sanson. Thegosis--a critical review. Aust Dent J. 1998 Jun;43(3):192-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.1998.tb00164.x.</ref> has always maintained that bruxism is a physiological function that increases masticatory capacity and organic muscle strength, therefore, where is the boundary between physiology and pathology?</blockquote>They seem irrelevant questions but let's see what can be deduced from the literature. There are, of course, multiple factors<ref>Cawson RA, Odell EW, Porter S (2002). ''Cawsonś essentials of oral pathology and oral medicine''(7th ed.). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. pp. 6, 566, 364, 366. ISBN <bdi>978-0443071065</bdi>.</ref><ref name=":02">Shetty S, Pitti V, Satish Babu CL, Surendra Kumar GP, Deepthi BC (September 2010). "Bruxism: a literature review". ''Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society''. '''10''' (3): 141–8. doi:10.1007/s13191-011-0041-5. PMC 3081266. <nowiki>PMID 21886404</nowiki>.</ref> of which many theories are sometimes excessively supported and it is for this reason that we questioned Pubmed on specific keywords:<blockquote>
Eine kurze Beschreibung des Bruxismus reicht aus, um das Thema zu vertiefen, um keine Zeit mit Daten zu verschwenden, die den meisten Kollegen gemeinsam sind, und mit der persönlichen Kultur für Laien [[wikipedia:Bruxism#cite_ref-Wassell_2008_1-0|Wikipedia]] was für unsere Zwecke natürlich nicht erschöpfend sein wird. Beginnen wir daher damit, uns einige konkrete Fragen zu stellen: Ist Bruxismus eine orale parafunktionelle Aktivität?y,<ref name="Wassell 20082">Wassell R, Naru A, Steele J, Nohl F (2008). ''Applied occlusion''. London: Quintessence. pp. 26–30. ISBN <bdi>9781850970989</bdi>.</ref> Das heißt, hängt es nicht physiologisch mit normalen Funktionen wie Essen oder Sprechen zusammen? Ist Bruxismus ein häufiges Verhalten, obwohl die Prävalenz in der Allgemeinbevölkerung zwischen 8 und 31 % liegt?<ref>Manfredini D, Winocur E, Guarda-Nardini L, Paesani D, Lobbezoo F (2013). "Epidemiology of bruxism in adults: a systematic review of the literature". ''Journal of Orofacial Pain''. '''27''' (2): 99–110. doi:10.11607/jop.921. <nowiki>PMID 23630682</nowiki>.</ref> Mehrere Symptome gehen häufig mit Bruxismus einher, darunter Kiefermuskelschmerzen, Kopfschmerzen, überempfindliche Zähne, Zahnabnutzung und Schäden an Zahnrestaurationen (z. B. Kronen und Füllungen).<ref>Tyldesley WR, Field A, Longman L (2003). ''Tyldesley's Oral medicine'' (5th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 195. ISBN <bdi>978-0192631473</bdi>.</ref>Die Symptome können minimal sein, ohne dass der Patient sich der Erkrankung bewusst ist. Wenn nichts unternommen wird, verschleißen viele Zähne nach einiger Zeit bis sie ganz verschwinden. Es stellt sich die Frage: Verschleißen Zähne im Laufe des Lebens auch ohne Knirschen gleichmäßig ab?<blockquote>Eine Theorie namens „Thegosis“, die von einer Gruppe neuseeländischer Forscher untersucht wurde<ref>C G Murray, G D Sanson. Thegosis--a critical review. Aust Dent J. 1998 Jun;43(3):192-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.1998.tb00164.x.</ref>hat immer behauptet, dass Bruxismus eine physiologische Funktion ist, die die Kaukapazität und die organische Muskelkraft erhöht. Wo verläuft also die Grenze zwischen Physiologie und Pathologie?</blockquote>Es scheinen irrelevante Fragen zu sein, aber mal sehen, was sich aus der Literatur ableiten lässt. Es gibt natürlich mehrere Faktoren<ref>Cawson RA, Odell EW, Porter S (2002). ''Cawsonś essentials of oral pathology and oral medicine''(7th ed.). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. pp. 6, 566, 364, 366. ISBN <bdi>978-0443071065</bdi>.</ref><ref name=":02">Shetty S, Pitti V, Satish Babu CL, Surendra Kumar GP, Deepthi BC (September 2010). "Bruxism: a literature review". ''Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society''. '''10''' (3): 141–8. doi:10.1007/s13191-011-0041-5. PMC 3081266. <nowiki>PMID 21886404</nowiki>.</ref>Davon werden viele Theorien manchmal übermäßig unterstützt. Aus diesem Grund haben wir Pubmed zu bestimmten Schlüsselwörtern befragt:<blockquote>
*'Bruxism'- The query was answered with 1750 results in 10 years<ref>Bruxism: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=bruxism&filter=datesearch.y_10</ref> and 882 results combining the two keywords 'Bruxism AND sleep bruxism'.<ref>Bruxism AND sleep bruxism.  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%27Bruxism+AND+sleep+bruxism+&filter=datesearch.y_10</ref>
*„Bruxismus“ – Die Anfrage wurde mit 1750 Ergebnissen in 10 Jahren beantwortet<ref>Bruxism: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=bruxism&filter=datesearch.y_10</ref> und 882 Ergebnisse, die die beiden Schlüsselwörter „Bruxismus UND Schlafbruxismus“ kombinieren..<ref>Bruxism AND sleep bruxism.  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%27Bruxism+AND+sleep+bruxism+&filter=datesearch.y_10</ref>
*'Bruxism AND sleep bruxism AND stress' - We had a dramatic reduction to 96 results<ref>Bruxism AND sleep bruxism AND stress: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%27Bruxism+AND+sleep+bruxism+AND+stress&filter=datesearch.y_10</ref> which made us wonder if there was an occlusal cause.
*'„Bruxismus UND Schlafbruxismus UND Stress“ – Wir hatten einen dramatischen Rückgang auf 96 Ergebnisse<ref>Bruxism AND sleep bruxism AND stress: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%27Bruxism+AND+sleep+bruxism+AND+stress&filter=datesearch.y_10</ref> was uns fragen ließ, ob es eine okklusale Ursache gab.
*'Bruxism AND sleep bruxism AND occlusal factor'- We had 32 results<ref>Bruxism AND sleep bruxism AND occlusal factor.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%27Bruxism+AND+sleep+bruxism+AND+occlusal+factor&filter=datesearch.y_10</ref> that led us to wonder if there were any anxiety-producing causes in the phenomenon.
*'Bruxism AND sleep bruxism AND occlusal factor'- We had 32 results<ref>Bruxism AND sleep bruxism AND occlusal factor.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%27Bruxism+AND+sleep+bruxism+AND+occlusal+factor&filter=datesearch.y_10</ref> that led us to wonder if there were any anxiety-producing causes in the phenomenon.
*'Bruxism AND sleep bruxism AND anxiety syndromes'- The reduction became more marked with 12 results<ref>Bruxism AND sleep bruxism AND  anxiety syndrome. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%27Bruxism+AND+sleep+bruxism+AND+anxiety+syndromes&filter=datesearch.y_10</ref> so that between stress and forms of anxiety we wondered if the phenomenon was somehow attributable to a form of neuro-excitability of the Central Nervous System.
*'Bruxism AND sleep bruxism AND anxiety syndromes'- The reduction became more marked with 12 results<ref>Bruxism AND sleep bruxism AND  anxiety syndrome. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%27Bruxism+AND+sleep+bruxism+AND+anxiety+syndromes&filter=datesearch.y_10</ref> so that between stress and forms of anxiety we wondered if the phenomenon was somehow attributable to a form of neuro-excitability of the Central Nervous System.
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